Environment
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Lobbying vs. Direct Action
From the Wikipedia listing for Special Interests
(pretty interesting if this is a valid study!)
A study by Jon Agnone, a sociologist at the University of Washington,
in 2004 compared the number of bills passed between 1960 and 1994 by
the U.S. Congress with tactics used by green groups within the same
year. The study showed that each protest raised the number of
pro-environment bills passed by 2.2%, but that neither efforts at
conventional lobbying on Capitol Hill nor the state of public opinion
made any difference. The study concluded that direct action, like
chaining oneself to a bulldozer or throwing paint over company
executives, is more likely to influence environmental policy than
talking to politicians. Agnone presented his results to the American
Sociological Association on August 17, 2004 at their meeting in San
Francisco.